FAQs About the word stripped

avkledd

having only essential or minimal features, having everything extraneous removed including contents, with clothing stripped off

Bar,utsatt,åpen,skrelt,uoppdaget,skallet,vist,avslørt,Avkledd,avhendet

dekket,Kåpe,Overgrodd,Oversvømmelse,skjegget,hårete,oversvømme

strip-mined => Strip-gruve, stripling => Ungdom, striping => Striper, stripes => striper, striped violet => Stripete fioler,