FAQs About the word stripped

skinuto

having only essential or minimal features, having everything extraneous removed including contents, with clothing stripped off

Goli,izložen,otvoreno,oljušten,otkriven,ćelav,prikazan,otkrio,Skidao odjeću,spojen

pokriven,Ogrtnut,Prerastao,Poplava,bradat,dlakav,prekriti

strip-mined => Vaden otkopnim kopom, stripling => Mladić, striping => Oznake, stripes => pruge, striped violet => Prugasti ljiljan,