FAQs About the word stripped

ontkleed

having only essential or minimal features, having everything extraneous removed including contents, with clothing stripped off

Kaal,blootgesteld,open,geschild,onbedekt,kaal,weergegeven,onthuld,Ontkleed,afgestoten

bedekt,Gemanteld,Woekerend,Overlopen,bebaard,harig,bedekken

strip-mined => Afgedekte mijnbouw, stripling => Jongeling, striping => Strepen, stripes => strepen, striped violet => Gestreepte viool,