FAQs About the word stripped-down

簡化的

having only essential or minimal features

傻瓜化,過於簡化,修剪,精製,修剪過的,精製,簡化,簡化的

複雜的,複雜,困惑,老練,復數化,詳細

stripped => 剝離, strip-mined => 帶狀開採的, stripling => 小夥子, striping => 條帶, stripes => 條紋,